Materials
This page
DEP publications
Algae Sampling in Wadeable Streams and Rivers (Rock Scrapings) DEP-LW0856 (pdf file)
Biomonitoring Retrospective: Fifteen Year Summary for Maine Rivers and Streams. This report includes the results of fifteen years of biological monitoring effort and provides a summary of the results of biological monitoring of benthic macroinvertebrates in rivers and streams, between 1983 and 1998, in the State of Maine, by the DEP.
Chapter 579. Classification Attainment Evaluation Using Biological Criteria for Rivers and Streams
Common Adult Stages of Aquatic Macroinvertebrates DEP-LW0879 (pdf file)
Common Aquatic Macroinvertebrates in Maine Streams and Wetlands DEP-LW0873 (pdf file)
Common Larval Stages of Aquatic Macroinvertebrates DEP-LW0874 (pdf file)
General Glossary for the Biological Monitoring Program (webpage) (click here for the pdf version)
River and Stream Biological Monitoring Program -- Frequently Asked Questions DEP-LW0561 (pdf file)
Sampling Wadeable Streams: Steps to Success DEP-LW0876 (pdf file)
We Grow Up and So Do They! (18" x 24"Poster) DEP-LW0875 (pdf file)
Wetland Sampling Steps to Success: Collecting Macroinvertebrates Using a Dip Net Measured Sweep DEP-LW0877 (pdf file)
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Biomonitoring sampling methods and field sheets (QAPP/SOP)
Quality Assurance Project Plan (QAPP) for Biological Monitoring of Maine's Rivers, Streams, and Freshwater Wetlands (pdf file) DEPLW0638 (updated March 4, 2004)
QAPP Table 1: Maine Water Quality Criteria for Classification of Fresh Surface Waters (38 MRSA §465) (Please see p. 6 of the above QAPP pdf)
QAPP Table 2: Data Quality Objectives and Indicators, and Measurement Quality Objectives for Water Quality Monitoring (pdf file)
QAPP Table 3: Details for Sampling Biota and Water Quality Parameters (pdf file)
QAPP Table 4: Inspection, Maintenance, and Testing Requirements as well as Calibration Method and Frequency for Field Instruments/Equipment (pdf file)
QAPP Appendix A: List of Acronyms (Please see the above QAPP pdf).
QAPP Appendix B: Field Data Sheets (All field data sheets are pdf files)
River and Stream Macroinvertebrate Sampling Field Sheetsa) Maine DEP Biological Monitoring Unit Stream Macroinvertebrate Field Data SheetAlgae Sampling Field Sheetsa) Maine DEP Stream Algae Field Data Sheet
b) Maine DEP Viewing Bucket Survey Data Sheet
c) Maine DEP Canopy Cover Sheet
d) Maine DEP Epiphytic Algae Data Sheet Wetland Field Sheetsa) Maine DEP Wetland Bioassessment Field Data Form
b) Human Disturbance Ranking Form for Biological Assessment of Wetlands
c) Maine DEP Epiphytic Algae Data Sheet
QAPP Appendix C: Chemistry Tracking (contact biomonitoring staff to view the chain of custody form).
QAPP Appendix D: Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) (All SOPs are pdf files)
Methods for Biological Sampling and Analysis of Maine's Rivers and Streams DEPLW0387-B2002 (updated August 2002)
Protocols for Using the Hanna Dissolved Oxygen and Specific Conductance/pH Meters in Rivers, Streams, and Freshwater Wetlands DEPLW0636 (updated May 2004)
Protocols for Using the Global Flow Meter in Wadeable Rivers and Streams DEPLW0635 (updated December 2004)
Protocols for Collecting Water Grab Samples in Rivers, Streams, and Freshwater Wetlands DEPLW0637 (updated December 2004)
Procedure for Measuring Continuous Water Temperature Using an Onset Data Logger DEPLW0700 (updated December 2006)
Appendix A: Protocols for Testing Temperature Logger Precision DEPLW0700 (updated December 2006)
Appendix B: Temperature Logger Tracking Form DEPLW0700 (updated December 2006)
Protocols for Sampling Algae in Wadeable Rivers, Streams, and Freshwater Wetlands DEPLW0634 (updated June 2006)
Protocols for Sampling Aquatic Macroinvertebrates in Freshwater Wetlands DEPLW0640 (updated May 2006)
Protocols for Decontaminating Biomonitoring Sampling Equipment DEPLW0919 (updated April 2008)
QAPP Appendix E: Annual Project Plan (pdf file)
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Biomonitoring staff publications
NOTE: Most files are pdf files and may take a long time to download.
Adamus, P., T. J. Danielson, and A. Gonyaw. 2001. Indicators for Monitoring the Biological Integrity of Inland Freshwater Wetlands: A Survey of North American Technical Literature (1990-2000). EPA843-R-01-2001. U.S. EPA, Office of Water, Washington, D.C. (.8 MB pdf file)
Barbour, M.T., W.F. Swietlik, S.K. Jackson, D.L. Courtemanch, S.P. Davies, and C.O. Yoder. 2000. Measuring the attainment of biological integrity in the USA: A critical element of ecological integrity. Hydrobiologia 422/423: 453-464.
Courtemanch, D.L. 1984. A closing artificial substrate device for sampling benthic macroinvertebrates in deep rivers. Freshwater Invertebrate Biology 3:143-146.
Courtemanch, D.L. 1995. Merging the science of biological monitoring with water resource management policy: Criteria development. IN: Davis, W.S. and T.P. Simon (editors). Biological Assessment and Criteria: Tools for Water Resource Planning and Decision-Making. Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton. FL .
Courtemanch, D.L. 1996. Commentary on the sub-sampling procedures used for rapid bioassessments. Journal of the North American Benthological Society 15(3):381-385.
Courtemanch, D.L. and S.P. Davies. 1987a. "A coefficient of community loss to assess detrimental change in aquatic communities" Water Research 21(2):217-222.
Courtemanch, D.L. and S.P. Davies. 1987b. Implementation of biological standards and criteria in Maine’s water quality classification law. IN: Proceedings of the First National Workshop on Biological Criteria, Lincolnwood, IL Dec. 1987, EPA-905/9-89/003
Courtemanch, D.L.; S.P. Davies, and E.B. Laverty. 1989. Incorporation of biological information in water quality planning. Environmental Management 13:35-41.
Danielson, T. J. 1998. Wetland Bioassessment Fact Sheets. EPA843-F-98-001. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water, Washington, D.C.
Danielson, T. J. 2002. Methods for Evaluating Wetland Condition: #1 Introduction to Wetland Biological Assessment. EPA822-R-02-014. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water, Washington, D.C. (2 MB pdf file)
Danielson, T. J. and D. G. Hoskins (editors) 2003. Methods for Evaluating Wetland Condition: #14 Wetland Biological Assessment Case Studies. EPA822-R-03-013. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water, Washington, D.C. (2 MB pdf file)
Davies, S.P. 1986a. "The blackflys lesson". Habitat: J. ME. Audubon Soc. 3(2):35-36.
Davies S.P. 1986b. "Return of the gang of four" Habitat: J. ME. Audubon Soc. 3(5):35-37.
Davies, S.P. 1987. Benthic Macroinvertebrate Community Response to Pollution Abatement in The Penobscot River, Maine. M.S. Thesis, University of Maine, Department of Entomology, Orono, ME, 83 pp.
Davies, S.P. 1988. "Living with uncertainty: Approaches to decision-making in impact assessment" IN: The Role of Benthos in Impact Assessment, No. Am. Benthol. Soc. Tech. Info. Workshop Bull., Tuscaloosa, AL. 2 pp
Davies, S.P. (March, 1997) "River and Stream Biological Monitoring: Porthole into the Life of the River", O & M News.
Davies, S.P. and D.L. Courtemanch. 1988. "Use of standards of biological integrity to determine attainment of water quality classification." IN: The Role of Benthos in Impact Assessment, No. Am. Benthol. Soc. Tech Info. Workshop Bull., Tuscaloosa, AL, 11 pp.
Davies, S.P. and S.K. Jackson. 2006. The biological condition gradient: a descriptive model for interpreting change in aquatic ecosystems. Ecological Applications 16: 1251-1266. (pdf file)
Davies, S.P., L. Tsomides, D. Courtemanch, and F. Drummond. 1991. Development of biological criteria for use in Maine’s water classification program. IN: U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. Biological Criteria: Research and Regulation USEPA-440/5-91-005. US EPA Office of Water, Washington, D.C.
Davies, S.P., L. Tsomides, D. Courtemanch, and F. Drummond. 1995. Maine Biological Monitoring and Biocriteria Development Program. DEP-LW108, Maine Department of Environmental Protection, Augusta, ME.
Huryn, A.D., V. M Butz Huryn, C.J. Arbuckle, and L. Tsomides. 2002. Catchment land-use, macroinvertebrates and detritus processing in headwater streams: taxonomic richness versus function. Freshwater Biology 47:401-415.
Rabeni, C.F., S.P. Davies, and K.E. Gibbs. 1985. Benthic invertebrate response to pollution abatement. Water Resources Bulletin 21(3): 489-497.
Teels, B. and T. J. Danielson. 2001. Using a Regional Index of Biotic Integrity (IBI) to Characterize the condition of Northern Virginia Streams, with Emphasis on the Occoquan Watershed: A Case Study. Technical Note 190-13-1. USDA, Natural Resources Conservation Service, Washington, D.C. (pdf file)
Wang, Yi-Kuang, R. Jan Stevenson, P. Roger Sweets, and Jeanne DiFranco. 2006. Developing and testing diatom indicators for wetlands in the Casco Bay Watershed, Maine, USA. Hydrobiologia 561: 191-206. (pdf file)
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Related publications
Calhoun, A.J.K. and P. deMaynadier. 2004. Forestry habitat management guidelines for vernal pool wildlife. MCA Technical Paper No. 6, Metropolitan Conservation Alliance, Wildlife Conservation Society, Bronx, New York. (pdf file)
Calhoun, A.J.K., Nicholas A. Miller, Michael W. Klemens. 2005. Conserving pool-breeding amphibians in human-dominated landscapes through local implementation of Best Development Practices. Wetland Ecology and Management 13: 291-304. (pdf file)
Maine Dpt. of Inland Fish and Wildlife, Maine Audubon, University of Maine. 2003. Maine Citizen's Guide to Locating and Documenting Vernal Pools. (pdf file)
Marcy, Suzanne K. Macy (editor). 1990. Biological Criteria National Program Guidance for Surface Waters. EPA-440/5-90-004. US EPA Office of Water, Washington, D.C.
McCafferty, W. Patrick, Illustrations by Arwin V. Provonsha. 1998. Aquatic entomology: the fishermen's and ecologist's illustrated guide to insects and their relatives. Sudbury, MA: Jones & Bartlett, 448 pp.
Merrit, R.W., K.W. Cummins (editors). 1996. An introduction to the aquatic insects of North America, Third Edition. Dubuque, IA: Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company. 862 pp.
Shelton, A.D. and K.A. Blocksom. 2004. A Review of Biological Assessment Tools and Biocriteria in New England States. EPA-600-R-04-168. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinatti, Ohio. (pdf file)
Tiner, R.W. 1994. Maine Wetlands and Their Boundaries. State of Maine, Executive Department, State Planning Office, Augusta. 72 pp. + color plates. Available From: Treasurer, State Planning Office, Station 130, Augusta, ME, 04333.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 1988. Report of the National Workshop on Instream Biological Monitoring and Criteria, Held in Lincolnwood, IL, December 2-4, 1987. U.S. EPA Office of Water Regulations, Washington, D.C.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 2005. Use of Biological Information to Better Define Designated Aquatic Life Uses in State and Tribal Water Quality Standards: Tiered Aquatic Life Uses. EPA-822-R-05-001. US EPA Office of Water, Washington, D.C. (pdf file)
Voshell, Jr., J. Reese; illustrated by Amy Bartlett Wright. 2002. A Guide to Common Freshwater Invertebrates of North America. Blacksburg (VA): The McDonald & Woodward Publishing Company. 442 p.
Wehr, John D. and Robert G. Sheath (editors). 2003. Freshwater Algae of North America Ecology and Classification. Burlington, MA: Academic Press.
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Related links
Benthic Macroinvertebrates in Our Waters-US EPA
Classification of Maine Waters-Maine DEP
Integrated Water Quality Monitoring and Assessment Reports (305b Report)
Maine Rivers
Maine Stream Team Program-Maine DEP
Micrographia
Monitoring and Assessing Water Quality-US EPA
National Museum of Natural History Algae Research
New England Interstate Water Pollution Control Commission
North American Benthological Society
The Ohio University Algae Homepage
PEARL (source for Maine environmental information) - University of Maine
Presumpscot River Watch
Surface Water Ambient Toxics Monitoring Program (SWAT)
Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) Documents
US Fish and Wildlife Northeast Region
Watershed Academy-US EPA
Wetland Characterization Mapping - Maine State Planning Office
Wetland Links Page-Maine DEP
What Are Water Quality Standards?-US EPA
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